关键词:

高直链淀粉,

抗性淀粉,

禾谷类作物,

种质创新与利用

Abstract:

At present,the number of chronic diseases and diabetes caused by over nutrition and unbalanced nutrition is increasing year by year. More and more attention has been paid to development of food suitable for chronic patients as well as the design and breeding of organism varieties in functional agriculture. High resistant starch rice and wheat are considered to be very effective functional foods for chronic diseases,and high amylose maize is more widely used in industries. Based on the studies on the regulatory network and key genes of starch synthesis in cereal crops in recent years,it is found that the expression of starch branching enzymes in grains plays an important role in the accumulation of amylose,formation of resistant starch and the changes of nutrients and valuable metabolites such as fatty acids,amino acids and plant steroids. This article reviews the enzymes involved in starch synthesis and metabolism in the endosperm of cereal crops,the method of increasing amylose content,and germplasm innovation and utilization of high resistant starch rice and wheat,high amylose maize in China,and also prospects the future research direction.

Key words:

high amylose,

resistant starch,

cereal crops,

germplasm innovation and utilization